Streams

The eight actions

Append

Appends the content within the template tag to the container designated by the target dom id.

<turbo-stream action="append" target="dom_id">
  <template>
    Content to append to container designated with the dom_id.
  </template>
</turbo-stream>

If the template’s first element has an id that is already used by a direct child inside the container targeted by dom_id, it is replaced instead of appended.

Prepend

Prepends the content within the template tag to the container designated by the target dom id.

<turbo-stream action="prepend" target="dom_id">
  <template>
    Content to prepend to container designated with the dom_id.
  </template>
</turbo-stream>

If the template’s first element has an id that is already used by a direct child inside the container targeted by dom_id, it is replaced instead of prepended.

Replace

Replaces the element designated by the target dom id.

<turbo-stream action="replace" target="dom_id">
  <template>
    Content to replace the element designated with the dom_id.
  </template>
</turbo-stream>

Update

Updates the content within the template tag to the container designated by the target dom id.

<turbo-stream action="update" target="dom_id">
  <template>
    Content to update to container designated with the dom_id.
  </template>
</turbo-stream>

Remove

Removes the element designated by the target dom id.

<turbo-stream action="remove" target="dom_id">
</turbo-stream>

Before

Inserts the content within the template tag before the element designated by the target dom id.

<turbo-stream action="before" target="dom_id">
  <template>
    Content to place before the element designated with the dom_id.
  </template>
</turbo-stream>

After

Inserts the content within the template tag after the element designated by the target dom id.

<turbo-stream action="after" target="dom_id">
  <template>
    Content to place after the element designated with the dom_id.
  </template>
</turbo-stream>

Refresh

Initiates a Page Refresh to render new content with
morphing.

<!-- without `[request-id]` -->
<turbo-stream action="refresh"></turbo-stream>

<!-- debounced with `[request-id]` -->
<turbo-stream action="refresh" request-id="abcd-1234"></turbo-stream>

Targeting Multiple Elements

To target multiple elements with a single action, use the targets attribute with a CSS query selector instead of the target attribute.

<turbo-stream action="remove" targets=".elementsWithClass">
</turbo-stream>

<turbo-stream action="after" targets=".elementsWithClass">
  <template>
    Content to place after the elements designated with the css query.
  </template>
</turbo-stream>

Processing Stream Elements

Turbo can connect to any form of stream to receive and process stream actions. A stream source must dispatch MessageEvent messages that contain the stream action HTML in the data attribute of that event. It’s then connected by Turbo.session.connectStreamSource(source) and disconnected via Turbo.session.disconnectStreamSource(source). If you need to process stream actions from different source than something producing MessageEvents, you can use Turbo.renderStreamMessage(streamActionHTML) to do so.

A good way to wrap all this together is by using a custom element, like turbo-rails does with TurboCableStreamSourceElement.